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Leptomeningeal Contrast Enhancement Is Associated with Disability Progression and Grey Matter Atrophy in Multiple

Gleb Makshakov1,2, Evgeniy Magonov3, Natalia Totolyan2

  • 1SBIH City Clinical Hospital No. 31, City Center of MS and Autoimmune Diseases, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Neurology Research International
|January 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (LMCE) on MRI is a new biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). This study found LMCE is linked to greater grey matter atrophy and disability in MS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (LMCE) on MRI is an emerging biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • LMCE is associated with MS progression and cortical atrophy.
  • The clinical significance of LMCE in MS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of LMCE foci in MS patients.
  • To assess the impact of LMCE on neurodegeneration and patient disability.
  • To evaluate LMCE as a potential independent biomarker in MS.

Main Methods:

  • 54 MS patients underwent MRI using a 3 Tesla scanner with postcontrast FLAIR sequences to detect LMCE.
  • Clinical data collected included Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores and relapse rates.
  • Cortical volume, grey matter volume, and ventricular volume were analyzed in relation to LMCE presence.

Main Results:

  • LMCE was detected in 41% of MS patients.
  • LMCE-positive patients exhibited longer disease duration and higher EDSS scores.
  • LMCE significantly correlated with reduced cortex and total grey matter volume, and increased ventricular volume, independent of age, sex, and disease duration.

Conclusions:

  • Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (LMCE) is a prevalent finding in MS patients.
  • LMCE serves as an independent and significant biomarker for grey matter atrophy and disability in MS.
  • LMCE holds potential as a prognostic marker in multiple sclerosis management.

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