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Related Concept Videos

Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...
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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells
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Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells

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Telomeres in cancer.

Cagatay Gunes1, Alush Irene Avila2, K Lenhard Rudolph2

  • 1Department of Urology, Ulm University, Germany.

Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity
|January 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Telomere shortening, linked to aging and disease, can both suppress and promote cancer. Telomere dysfunction

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Telomere shortening occurs with aging and chronic diseases, increasing cancer risk.
  • Telomere dysfunction has dual roles in tumorigenesis, suppressing or promoting tumor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss current knowledge and new data on telomere-dependent influences on tumor initiation and progression.
  • To explore the dual role of telomere dysfunction in cancer development.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual discussion of experimental data.
  • Analysis of telomere dysfunction's impact on DNA damage checkpoints, senescence, apoptosis, and immune responses.
  • Examination of telomere dysfunction's role in chromosomal instability and tumor cell plasticity.
Keywords:
AgingCancerDNA DamageEpigeneticsTelomeres

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Main Results:

  • Telomere dysfunction can suppress tumors via DNA damage checkpoints, senescence, apoptosis, metabolic compromise, and immune activation.
  • Telomere dysfunction can promote tumors by inducing chromosomal instability and altering cellular competition and plasticity.
  • Tumor promotion by telomere dysfunction is context-dependent, often requiring loss of p53 or other genetic modifiers.

Conclusions:

  • Telomere dysfunction presents a complex, context-dependent role in cancer initiation and progression.
  • Telomere stabilization is a critical step for cancer cell immortalization.
  • Understanding telomere dynamics is crucial for cancer research and therapeutic strategies.