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Related Concept Videos

Lewis Acids and Bases02:33

Lewis Acids and Bases

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In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) occurs when one of the atoms in the bond provides both bonding electrons. For example, a coordinate covalent bond occurs when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion to form a hydronium ion. A coordinate covalent bond also results when...
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Weak Base Solutions03:21

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Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
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Base Excision Repair01:54

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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
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Ions as Acids and Bases02:54

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Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
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DNA Base Pairing02:27

DNA Base Pairing

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Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,
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Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases02:58

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The acid-base reaction class has been studied for quite some time. In 1680, Robert Boyle reported traits of acid solutions that included their ability to dissolve many substances, to change the colors of certain natural dyes, and to lose these traits after coming in contact with alkali (base) solutions. In the eighteenth century, it was recognized that acids have a sour taste, react with limestone to liberate a gaseous substance (now known to be CO2), and interact with alkalis to form neutral...
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Wide-field Fluorescent Microscopy and Fluorescent Imaging Flow Cytometry on a Cell-phone
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Mobile phone based ELISA (MELISA).

Arsenii Zhdanov1, Jordan Keefe1, Luis Franco-Waite1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|January 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A new, portable mobile phone based system for Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) allows for low-cost, on-site biochemical analysis. This miniature ELISA (MELISA) system enables disease diagnosis and monitoring outside traditional lab settings.

Keywords:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)Mobile ELISA (MELISA)Optical sensorProgesterone

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Mobile Health Technology

Background:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is crucial for disease diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Traditional ELISA systems are expensive, bulky, and not suitable for point-of-care or field use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel, miniature, mobile phone-based system for ELISA (MELISA).
  • To create a portable, low-cost alternative for performing complete ELISA assays, including incubation and reading.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a compact, mobile phone-integrated system for ELISA.
  • Calibration of the MELISA system for quantitative biochemical measurements.
  • Demonstration of progesterone measurement using the developed system.

Main Results:

  • The MELISA system is portable (1 pound), low-cost, and integrates all ELISA steps.
  • The system was successfully calibrated for accurate progesterone measurements.
  • Successful demonstration of quantitative measurements using the calibrated MELISA system.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MELISA system offers a viable, portable solution for biochemical analysis.
  • This technology can significantly improve accessibility for point-of-care and field-based disease diagnosis and monitoring.
  • MELISA facilitates efficient data transfer via mobile phone, enhancing its utility in remote settings.