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Published on: March 11, 2021
A 2-year prospective follow-up study of temporal changes associated with post-stroke cognitive impairment
HyunSoo Oh1, JongSuk Park2, WhaSook Seo1
1Department of Nursing, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Aims:
To explore temporal patterns of change in cognitive impairments during the 2 years following stroke and to identify factors that affect these temporal changes.
Background:
Despite the prognostic importance, temporal changes in post-stroke cognitive impairment have not been systematically investigated.
Design:
A non-experimental, prospective, longitudinal descriptive study design.
Methods:
Fifty-two stroke patients were enrolled. Data were collected from April 2015 to September 2017. Cognitive function was evaluated at 5 different times (immediately, and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-stroke).
Results:
Significant changes in cognitive function following stroke exhibited an "s-shaped" curve, and the most rapid changes were observed between 3 and 6 months after stroke. The incidence of post-stroke cognitive impairment ranged from 23.1% to 42.3% and was highest at 3 months and lowest at 6 months. Gender, educational level, pre-stroke cognitive and functional abilities, haematoma, and brain surgery were associated with incidence of post-stroke cognitive impairment.
Conclusions:
The ongoing changes exhibited by patterns of cognitive impairment provide evidence that consistent efforts are required to achieve positive changes in post-stroke cognitive function. Our findings may be helpful to develop nursing care strategies aimed at improving cognitive ability and consequently the quality of life of stroke patients.
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