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Dually modified transmembrane proteoglycans in development and disease

Laura M Jenkins1, Ben Horst1, Carly L Lancaster1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
|January 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Dually modified transmembrane proteoglycans (DMTPs) regulate cell signaling pathways crucial for development and disease, including cancer. Understanding their roles in growth factor availability and receptor interaction is vital for therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Aberrant cell signaling drives diseases like cancer.
  • Growth factor availability and receptor interactions are key regulatory mechanisms.
  • Dually modified transmembrane proteoglycans (DMTPs) are cell surface macromolecules regulating these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functions of betaglycan and syndecan-1 (SDC1) DMTPs.
  • To compare the roles of heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) modifications in DMTPs.
  • To elucidate how DMTPs control cell signaling in development and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on DMTPs.
  • Comparative analysis of betaglycan and SDC1 functions.
  • Focus on HS and CS glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain modifications.

Main Results:

  • Betaglycan and SDC1 modulate Wnt, TGF-β, and FGF signaling pathways.
  • DMTPs regulate ligand availability and receptor internalization.
  • HS and CS GAG chains are mutually dependent on core proteins for function.

Conclusions:

  • DMTPs are critical regulators of cell signaling pathways.
  • Understanding DMTPs offers insights into cancer progression and development.
  • Targeting DMTPs may present novel therapeutic avenues.
Keywords:
BetaglycanCancerCell signalingGlycosaminoglycanProteoglycanSyndecan

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