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Assessment of arterial stiffness in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Hayato Tada1, Masa-Aki Kawashiri1, Atsushi Nohara1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan.

Journal of Clinical Lipidology
|January 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Arterial stiffness, measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), is significantly linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients. This assessment aids in stratifying CAD risk, independent of hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients have an extremely high risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Arterial stiffness is a known risk factor for CAD in the general population.
  • Limited data exist on the impact of arterial stiffness in FH patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between arterial stiffness and CAD in patients with FH.
  • To evaluate arterial stiffness as a predictor of CAD in FH.
  • To determine if arterial stiffness assessment improves CAD risk stratification in FH.

Main Methods:

  • 245 FH patients (mean age 46 years, 162 males) underwent brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurements.
  • Baseline characteristics, lipid profiles, traditional risk factors, and presence of CAD were assessed.
  • Multivariable logistic analysis was used to determine the association between baPWV and CAD.

Main Results:

  • Higher baPWV was independently associated with CAD in FH patients (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.41).
  • Incorporating baPWV improved CAD risk discrimination (C-statistic 0.736 vs 0.799).
  • Hypertension combined with high baPWV significantly increased CAD risk (OR: 18.68).

Conclusions:

  • Arterial stiffness, assessed by baPWV, is significantly associated with CAD in FH patients.
  • baPWV is a valuable tool for CAD risk stratification in FH, independent of hypertension.
  • This finding highlights the importance of assessing arterial stiffness in managing FH patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Arterial stiffnessFamilial hypercholesterolemiaLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9Risk stratification

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