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Related Concept Videos

Ion Channels01:19

Ion Channels

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The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
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Cell-surface Signaling01:21

Cell-surface Signaling

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Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors01:28

Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors

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Cell-surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane-anchored (integral) proteins that bind to external ligand molecules. This type of receptor spans the plasma membrane and performs signal transduction, converting an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal. Ligands that interact with cell-surface receptors do not have to enter the cell that they affect. Cell-surface receptors are also called cell-specific proteins or markers because they are...
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Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

8.3K
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
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Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

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Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors
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Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors

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Modulating Cell-Surface Receptor Signaling and Ion Channel Functions by In Situ Glycan Editing.

Hao Jiang1, Aimé López-Aguilar2, Lu Meng3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science & Technology and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Glycoscience & Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|January 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transiently modifying cell surface glycans using in situ glycan editing can tune receptor signaling. This method dynamically alters glycosylation to study its role in cell signaling and ion channel function without permanent genetic changes.

Keywords:
click chemistryfucosylationin situ glycan editingsialylation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Glycobiology

Background:

  • Cell-surface glycans dynamically regulate cell signaling pathways.
  • Understanding the precise role of specific glycan structures is crucial for deciphering cellular communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for transiently modulating cell-surface glycosylation patterns.
  • To investigate the impact of specific glycan modifications on receptor and ion channel signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced the concept of in situ glycan editing using recombinant glycosyltransferases.
  • Incorporated specific monosaccharides, such as alpha2,3-linked sialic acid and alpha1,3-linked fucose, onto cell-surface receptors.
  • Applied the technique to study epidermal growth factor receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor, and a potassium channel.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that in situ glycan editing can suppress signaling through epidermal growth factor receptor and fibroblast growth factor receptor.
  • Showed successful regulation of electrical signaling in a potassium ion channel (human ether-à-go-go-related gene channel).
  • Highlighted the transient nature of the modifications, avoiding long-term cellular perturbations.

Conclusions:

  • In situ glycan editing provides a powerful, non-permanent tool for studying the dynamic functions of cell-surface glycans.
  • This approach enables precise investigation into the role of specific glycan linkages in modulating receptor and ion channel activity.
  • Offers a promising strategy for both fundamental research and potential therapeutic applications in cell signaling modulation.