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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
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Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
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Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
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The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
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Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
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Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness
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[Mental illness and terrorism].

Per Köhler1, Hedvig Krona2, Johanna Josefsson3

  • 1n/a - Vuxenpsykiatrin Malmö Malmö, Sweden n/a - Vuxenpsykiatrin Malmö Malmö, Sweden.

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Mental illness is rarely linked to terrorism, with weak evidence for lone attackers but not organized groups. Screening tools for radicalization risk should be limited to forensic settings, not general healthcare.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Criminology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • The link between mental illness and violent extremism is often assumed but lacks robust empirical support.
  • Organized terrorist groups appear to actively avoid recruiting individuals with apparent mental instability.
  • Lone actor violence, such as school shootings, shows a slightly higher prevalence of mental illness compared to the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the evidence connecting mental illness with radicalization towards violent extremism.
  • To assess the appropriateness of using radicalization screening and risk assessment tools in clinical healthcare settings.
  • To delineate the proper application of risk assessment instruments for individuals exhibiting signs of radicalization.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on mental illness and terrorism.
  • Analysis of the characteristics of individuals involved in different forms of violent extremism (lone actors vs. organized groups).
  • Evaluation of the potential impact of clinical screening tools on healthcare trust.

Main Results:

  • Little empirical evidence supports mental illness as a direct cause of radicalization into terrorism.
  • A higher degree of mental illness may be present in lone gunmen, but not in organized terrorist factions.
  • Clinical implementation of radicalization assessment tools risks eroding public trust in the Swedish healthcare system.

Conclusions:

  • The association between mental illness and terrorism is weak and complex, not a simple causal relationship.
  • Risk assessment instruments for radicalization should be confined to specialized forensic psychiatric services.
  • Individuals at risk of radicalization who also exhibit mental illness symptoms warrant psychiatric treatment within the healthcare system.