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Illegal Firearm Availability and Violence: Neighborhood-Level Analysis.
Sung-Suk Violet Yu1, Daiwon Lee2, Jesenia M Pizarro3
1John Jay College, New York, NY, USA.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence
|January 4, 2018
Summary
Illegal firearm availability (IFA) is linked to more shootings and non-firearm violence in urban neighborhoods. Strategies focused on removing firearms may reduce firearm violence in these areas.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Urban Studies
- Public Health
Background:
- Firearm violence is a significant public safety concern in urban environments.
- Understanding the link between illegal firearm availability and violence is crucial for intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between illegal firearm availability (IFA) and firearm violence at the neighborhood level.
- To investigate the influence of neighborhood conditions on IFA and firearm violence.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of recovered firearm and violent crime data from Newark, NJ (2005-2007).
- Categorization of violent index crimes into shootings, display of firearm violence (DFV), and no-firearm violence (NFV).
- Negative binomial regression to assess the association between IFA and violence, controlling for neighborhood factors.
Main Results:
- IFA was associated with increased shootings and NFV, but not DFV.
- IFA was a strong predictor of shootings in Newark.
- Neighborhood conditions were found to influence both IFA and firearm violence.
- Areas with high IFA exhibited higher rates of firearm violence and NFV, suggesting IFA may indicate neighborhood distress.
Conclusions:
- Illegal firearm availability is a significant driver of shootings in urban settings.
- Targeted strategies to remove firearms from high-risk neighborhoods could help reduce urban violence.
- Neighborhood conditions play a role in the dynamics of firearm availability and violence.
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