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Brain functional integration: an epidemiologic study on stress-producing dissociative phenomena.

Raffaele Sperandeo1,2, Vincenzo Monda3, Giovanni Messina4

  • 1Department of Human Sciences, Università Della, Basilicata.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
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Summary

Dissociative phenomena are linked to mental and personality disorders, worsening psychiatric patient prognosis. This study identifies specific disorders and traits contributing to severe dissociative experiences.

Keywords:
amnesiadepersonalization/derealizationmental disorderspersonality disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Dissociative phenomena are prevalent in psychiatric populations, often correlating with poorer outcomes and increased suicide risk.
  • Chronic stress from personality disorders may contribute to the development of dissociative symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between dissociative phenomena and various mental and personality disorders.
  • To identify specific psychopathologic traits associated with the severity of dissociative experiences.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES) to assess dissociative phenomena in 933 psychiatric outpatients.
  • Employed linear regression analysis with the DES total score as the dependent variable, incorporating mental/personality disorders and psychopathologic traits as predictors and covariates.

Main Results:

  • Dissociative phenomena were significantly more severe in patients with mental and/or personality disorders.
  • A regression model explained 82% of the variance in DES scores, with borderline/narcissistic personality disorders, substance abuse, and psychotic disorders as significant factors.
  • Anger, psychoticism, and obsessiveness traits were significant covariates.

Conclusions:

  • Confirms that mental disorders and psychopathologic experiences create chronic stress, impairing executive functions and leading to dissociative symptoms like depersonalization/derealization and amnesia.
  • Highlights the significant impact of specific personality disorders and psychopathologic traits on the severity of dissociative phenomena.