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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
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The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is an ever-changing landscape. It is described as a fluid mosaic where various macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Among the macromolecules are proteins. The protein content varies across cell types. For example, mitochondrial inner membranes contain ~76% protein content, while myelin contains ~18% protein content. Individual cells contain many types of membrane proteins—red blood cells contain over 50—and different cell...
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Metabolic Labeling and Membrane Fractionation for Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Suspension Cell Cultures
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Examining hemodialyzer membrane performance using proteomic technologies.

Mario Bonomini1, Luisa Pieroni2, Lorenzo Di Liberato1

  • 1Department of Medicine, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti.

Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
|January 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proteomics reveals how artificial kidney membranes interact with blood proteins during hemodialysis. This advanced analysis improves understanding of membrane performance and biocompatibility, aiding the development of better dialysis therapies.

Keywords:
bio-compatibilityend-stage renal diseasehemodialysismass spectrometryprotein adsorptionuremic toxin

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Proteomics
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Hemodialysis therapy success depends on artificial membrane clearance and biocompatibility.
  • Membrane-protein interactions during dialysis influence solute removal and biological responses.
  • Development of highly permeable membranes aims to remove toxic solutes but risks vital protein loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review proteomic studies evaluating hemodialysis membrane performance.
  • To assess solute removal efficiency and blood-membrane interactions using proteomics.
  • To explore how proteomics provides functional insights into membrane-plasma protein effects.

Main Methods:

  • Application of proteomic approaches to analyze complex mixtures like dialysis outflow fluid.
  • Identification and quantification of proteins adsorbed onto dialysis membranes.
  • Utilizing bioinformatics tools to characterize identified proteins and their biological pathways.

Main Results:

  • Proteomics enables unbiased assessment of the full polypeptide spectrum in hemodialysis.
  • Identified proteins in dialysis fluid and on membranes offer insights into blood-membrane interactions.
  • Proteomic data provides a functional definition of membrane material effects on plasma proteins.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomic investigations yield improved molecular and functional knowledge of hemodialysis membranes.
  • Understanding protein adsorption and removal is crucial for membrane biocompatibility.
  • Proteomics can drive the development of more efficient and patient-beneficial hemodialysis membranes.