Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Activity Coefficient01:17

Factors Affecting Activity Coefficient

1.7K
The extended Debye-Hückel equation indicates that the activity coefficient of an ion in an aqueous solution at 25°C depends on three partially interdependent properties: the ionic strength of the solution, the charge of the ion, and the ion size. 
The activity coefficient value for an ion is close to one when the solution has almost zero ionic strength, i.e., when the solution shows close to ideal behavior. As the ionic strength of the solution increases from 0 to 0.1 mol/L, a...
1.7K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

9.9K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
9.9K
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

82.9K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
82.9K
Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity

1.9K
The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
1.9K
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

33.9K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
33.9K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

7.7K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
7.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The MEK inhibitor trametinib incurs mitochondrial injury and induces innate immune responses in the mouse heart.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Lipids and glucose fluctuations are associated with clinically diagnosed depression in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

Endothelial KLF4 depletion drives age-related neurovascular dysfunction and neuropsychiatric impairment.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Microbiota, systemic immunity, and extracellular vesicles in stroke: peripheral nodes as therapeutic leverage points.

Journal of neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Cardiac HDAC3 Disruption Contributes to HDAC Inhibitor-Induced QT Prolongation.

Cells·2026
Same author

A multicenter analysis revisiting the PLASMIC score: performance limitations and the impact of age, MCV, and LDH.

Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method to Detect Nuclear Factor Activation in Human Neutrophils by Flow Cytometry
08:26

A Simple and Efficient Method to Detect Nuclear Factor Activation in Human Neutrophils by Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 9, 2013

18.4K

Kruppel-like factor 4 regulates neutrophil activation.

Yuyan Shen1,2, Hong Hong1, Panjamaporn Sangwung1,3

  • 1Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.

Blood Advances
|January 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a critical regulator of neutrophil activation. KLF4 deficiency impairs neutrophil responses, impacting bacterial infection and inflammatory conditions.

More Related Videos

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
07:23

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

Published on: June 15, 2016

9.0K
Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples
09:23

Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples

Published on: May 21, 2021

18.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method to Detect Nuclear Factor Activation in Human Neutrophils by Flow Cytometry
08:26

A Simple and Efficient Method to Detect Nuclear Factor Activation in Human Neutrophils by Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 9, 2013

18.4K
Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
07:23

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

Published on: June 15, 2016

9.0K
Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples
09:23

Monitoring Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G Activity in Human Sputum Samples

Published on: May 21, 2021

18.4K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Neutrophils are crucial for innate immunity and inflammatory conditions.
  • Understanding neutrophil activation control is incomplete.
  • Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are linked to myeloid cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of KLF4 in neutrophil biology and activation.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying KLF4's function in neutrophils.

Main Methods:

  • Ex vivo analysis of KLF4-deficient neutrophils.
  • Assessment of neutrophil responses to inflammatory stimuli.
  • Generation and analysis of myeloid-specific conditional KLF4-deficient mice (K4-cKO).
  • Investigation of Toll-like receptor 4-NF-κB signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • KLF4-deficient neutrophils showed impaired cytokine production, reactive oxygen species generation, degranulation, and bacterial clearance.
  • K4-cKO mice exhibited increased susceptibility to bacterial infection.
  • K4-cKO mice displayed resistance to lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
  • Defects in KLF4-deficient neutrophils were linked to impaired Toll-like receptor 4-NF-κB signaling.

Conclusions:

  • KLF4 is a critical transcriptional regulator of neutrophil activation.
  • KLF4 plays a significant role in host defense against bacterial infections.
  • KLF4 influences the outcome of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.