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Genomic Imprinting Was Evolutionarily Conserved during Wheat Polyploidization.

Guanghui Yang1, Zhenshan Liu2, Lulu Gao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.

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|January 5, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic imprinting, a gene expression phenomenon based on parent of origin, is evolutionarily conserved across related wheat and Aegilops species. Ploidy changes during wheat evolution did not disrupt these conserved imprinting patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Plant Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic mechanism causing parent-of-origin-specific gene expression.
  • Understanding its evolutionary conservation and response to polyploidy is crucial for crop improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary conservation of genomic imprinting.
  • To assess the impact of polyploidy on imprinting in wheat (Triticum spp.) and related species (Aegilops spp.).

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput transcriptome sequencing of endosperm in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheat.
  • Analysis of parent-of-origin-specific gene expression (maternally expressed genes [MEGs] and paternally expressed genes [PEGs]).
  • Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and examination of gene duplication events.

Main Results:

  • Identified 91, 135, and 146 MEGs/PEGs in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheat, respectively.
  • 52.7% of imprinted genes showed dynamic expression across developmental stages.
  • Nearly half of imprinted genes were conserved during hexaploidization; 40-50% of duplicated homologs showed biased imprinting.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic imprinting is evolutionarily conserved between Triticum and Aegilops species.
  • Imprinting patterns are largely maintained despite polyploid hybridization and whole-genome duplication events in wheat evolution.