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Relating Stomatal Conductance to Leaf Functional Traits
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Sampling intraspecific variability in leaf functional traits: Practical suggestions to maximize collected

Francesco Petruzzellis1, Chiara Palandrani1,2, Tadeja Savi1

  • 1Department of Life Sciences University of Trieste Trieste Italy.

Ecology and Evolution
|January 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Understanding intraspecific variability within individuals (ITV_WI) is crucial for efficient functional trait ecology sampling. This study determined optimal sampling sizes for specific leaf area and osmotic potential in Quercus ilex, revealing canopy structure impacts trait variation.

Keywords:
PERMANOVAQuercus ilexosmotic potentialprecisionspecific leaf areavariance partitioning

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Plant Biology
  • Trait Ecology

Background:

  • Intraspecific variability (ITV) significantly impacts functional trait sampling strategies.
  • While variability between individuals (ITV_BI) and among populations (ITV_POP) are studied, intraspecific variability within individuals (ITV_WI) remains under-explored.
  • Efficient sampling requires balancing trait representativeness with minimized sample size and effort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze intraspecific variability within individuals (ITV_WI) for specific leaf area (SLA) and osmotic potential (π) in a Quercus ilex population.
  • To determine minimum and optimal sampling sizes accounting for ITV_WI.
  • To compare findings with existing literature and assess the influence of canopy structure on trait variability.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ITV_WI for SLA and π in a Quercus ilex population.
  • Assessment of variance distribution across different scales (within-individual, between-individual, among-population).
  • Comparison of sampling optimization outputs with literature values.

Main Results:

  • SLA variance was predominantly within individuals (43.4%), while π variance was mainly between individuals (43.2%).
  • Sampling strategies ignoring canopy strata yielded non-representative mean trait values.
  • Optimal sampling size identified as 4 leaves from 10 individuals for accurate and feasible trait capture.
  • Minimum sampling size determined as 5 leaves from 5 individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Canopy spatial structure significantly influences trait variability, necessitating consideration in sampling designs.
  • Trait-specific sampling strategies can enhance efficiency and accuracy.
  • Findings partially validate previous sampling size recommendations and highlight the need for further trait-specific research.