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Related Concept Videos

Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
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Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are widespread across different organisms and have conserved protein motifs, like the multi-TOG domain for tubulin binding found in the CLASP family of MAPs. Some MAPs are lineage-specific based on their conserved domains. Their functions depend upon the cytoskeletal architecture and cell type they are located within. In-plant cells, a specific...
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Topographic maps represent the Earth's surface features using contour lines, which connect points of equal elevation to create a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional terrain. Creating a topographic map requires a systematic approach.Begin by plotting a scaled grid and marking intersections corresponding to the survey's elevation data points. Assign elevation values at these intersections to build the base map. Next, determine contour levels using a consistent contour interval,...
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Specimen mapping in head and neck cancer using fluorescence imaging.

Nutte Teraphongphom1, Christina S Kong2, Jason M Warram3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Stanford University, Stanford California U.S.A.

Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|January 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This review explores optical mapping with fluorescence imaging for head and neck cancer surgical specimens. This advanced technique may improve pathology analysis of surgical margins, enhancing cancer treatment outcomes.

Keywords:
Surgeryfluorescenceimage‐guidanceoncologyprobes

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Circumferential pathology analysis of surgical margins is critical in head and neck cancer resection.
  • Current methods for margin assessment, such as frozen sections, are labor-intensive and only sample a fraction of the specimen.
  • There is no established consensus on the optimal methodology for analyzing head and neck cancer specimens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential application of optical mapping using fluorescence imaging for surgical specimens in head and neck cancer.
  • To define the role of this technology in improving the accuracy of margin analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on optical mapping and fluorescence imaging in surgical pathology.
  • Discussion of the principles and potential implementation of optical mapping for head and neck cancer specimens.

Main Results:

  • Optical mapping offers a potential method for more comprehensive analysis of surgical margins.
  • Fluorescence imaging can provide real-time visualization of tissue characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Optical mapping with fluorescence imaging presents a promising approach to enhance surgical margin assessment in head and neck cancer.
  • Further research and standardization are needed to integrate this technology into routine practice.