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The Association between BMI and Different Frailty Domains: A U-Shaped Curve?
M L Rietman1, D L van der A, S H van Oostrom
1M. Liset Rietman, MSc, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands, E-mail address: liset.rietman@rivm.nl, Telephone number: +31302742709.
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|January 5, 2018
Summary
Underweight and obesity are linked to physical frailty, with obesity also associated with cognitive frailty. Frailty prevention requires a multi-domain approach, targeting younger individuals.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Previous research indicated a U-shaped relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical frailty.
- The interplay between BMI and various frailty domains requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between BMI and physical, cognitive, psychological, and social frailty.
- To assess the overlap and prevalence of these distinct frailty domains.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of 4019 participants (aged 41-81) from the Doetinchem Cohort Study.
- Frailty was assessed across four domains: physical, cognitive, psychological, and social, using defined criteria.
- BMI was categorized, and analyses were adjusted for demographic and lifestyle factors.
Main Results:
- A U-shaped association was found between BMI and physical frailty.
- A linear association was observed between BMI and cognitive frailty; no association was found with psychological or social frailty.
- Prevalence of physical, cognitive, and social frailty increased with age, with limited overlap between domains.
Conclusions:
- Both underweight and obesity are associated with physical frailty, and obesity with cognitive frailty.
- Frailty prevention strategies should be comprehensive, addressing multiple domains and prioritizing younger populations (<65 years).
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