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Does being under treatment improve knowledge attitude practice for hypertension: A hospital-based study from North
Rajiv Kumar Gupta1, Shahid Hussain1, Zahida Parveen2
1Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Insights
Hypertension knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) were assessed in 394 patients at a North-West Indian hospital. Despite high KAP scores, males showed better knowledge of normal blood pressure levels.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- The
- rule of halves
- highlights suboptimal hypertension detection, treatment, and control globally.
- Optimal management of high blood pressure (BP) is crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention.
- Awareness and management of hypertension remain suboptimal in developed nations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) concerning hypertension among patients diagnosed with the condition.
- To identify factors influencing hypertension management in a tertiary care setting in North-West India.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 394 diagnosed hypertensive patients at a tertiary care hospital.
- Consecutive sampling technique was employed for participant recruitment.
- Data collected via semi-structured interviews and a KAP score sheet after informed consent.
Main Results:
- The study included 394 hypertensive patients (61% males).
- Overall KAP scores were high: 88.4% (knowledge), 90.83% (attitude), and 95.83% (practices).
- Males demonstrated statistically significant higher knowledge of normal BP levels (P < 0.01). Significant attitudes included regular medication, investigations, lifestyle changes, and salt avoidance.
Conclusions:
- High KAP scores in this cohort are likely due to participants being diagnosed hypertensive patients actively seeking care.
- The findings suggest that while diagnosed patients in tertiary care settings may have good KAP, ongoing monitoring and education are vital.
- Further research could explore reasons for persistent gaps in hypertension management despite high KAP.
Background:
Studies suggest that approximately half of patients with raised blood pressure (BP) are undetected, that half of those detected are not treated, and that half of those treated are not controlled, famously described as the "rule of halves." Importantly, the cornerstone of the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases is early detection and drug treatment (antihypertensive) of patients with high BP. Studies across populations in developed world have shown that awareness and management of high BP levels are far from optimal. The present study was planned with the aim to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding hypertension in hypertensive patients visiting Tertiary Care Hospital in North-West India.
Materials And Methods:
Already diagnosed hypertensive patients seeking care at the tertiary care center were selected for this study. The participants were recruited using consecutive sampling technique. All participants were interviewed with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire after obtaining a written informed consent. The components of the KAP were recorded using a score sheet.
Results:
In all, 394 hypertensive patients of whom majority (239/394; 61%) were males, were included in the study. The KAP score among the study subjects was 88.4%, 90.83%, and 95.83%, respectively. Males had higher knowledge about normal BP levels which was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Among the attitude, regular intake of anti-hypertensive drugs, regular investigations, lifestyle changes, avoidance of salt and allopathic medicines being the best for the treatment of hypertension were found to be significant statistically (P < 0.01).
Conclusion:
The high score among the study population can be attributed to the fact that all study participants were diagnosed patients of hypertension seeking care in a tertiary care hospital.
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