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Glutamate quantification by PRESS or MEGA-PRESS: Validation, repeatability, and concordance.

Tamar M van Veenendaal¹, Walter H Backes¹, Frank C G van Bussel¹

¹Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

|January 7, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) methods like PRESS and MEGA-PRESS can quantify glutamate in vivo. PRESS demonstrates superior repeatability, but direct comparisons between glutamate measures from different MRS sequences require careful interpretation.

Keywords:

Glutamate Glx In vitro In vivo MR spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)
Metabolite Quantification

Background:

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is crucial for measuring brain metabolites.
PRESS is commonly used for glutamate quantification.
MEGA-PRESS offers simultaneous measurement of Glx (glutamate and glutamine) and GABA.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the validation, repeatability, and concordance of PRESS and MEGA-PRESS for glutamate quantification at 3 Tesla.
To guide researchers in selecting appropriate MRS sequences and quantification methods.

Main Methods:

In vitro phantom studies and in vivo scans of healthy participants were conducted.
PRESS and MEGA-PRESS sequences were analyzed using LCModel and Gannet software.
Validation, repeatability (coefficient of variation), and concordance (correlation coefficients) were assessed.

Main Results:

Excellent in vitro agreement between actual and measured glutamate concentrations (r>0.98).
In vivo repeatability was better for PRESS (2.9% CV) compared to MEGA-PRESS (4.9% CV) and MEGA-PRESS OFF (4.2% CV).
Concordance between sequences was low to modest (r=0.3 to r=0.8).

Conclusions:

Both PRESS and MEGA-PRESS are viable for in vivo glutamate measurement.
PRESS exhibits better repeatability for glutamate quantification.
Direct comparison of in vivo glutamate measures across different MRS sequences should be approached with caution.