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Maternal race/ethnicity as a risk factor for cervical insufficiency
Lisette D Tanner1, Lue-Yen Tucker2, Debbie Postlethwaite2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, CA, USA.
Summary
Black women experience higher rates of cervical insufficiency (CI), a condition linked to preterm birth (PTB). This disparity may explain some of the racial gap in PTB rates, highlighting a need for further research.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Health Disparities Research
Background:
- Preterm birth (PTB) affects 1 in 9 US pregnancies, with significant racial/ethnic disparities.
- The contribution of cervical insufficiency (CI) to these PTB disparities is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate racial and ethnic differences in the risk of developing cervical insufficiency (CI).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 34,173 singleton pregnancies in 2012.
- Compared rates of CI, stillbirth, PTB, and NICU admission across racial/ethnic groups.
- Used multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors for CI.
Main Results:
- Black women had a significantly higher CI rate (3.2%) compared to White women (0.9%).
- Black race/ethnicity was independently associated with increased CI risk (OR 2.89).
- Higher rates of PTB and NICU admission were observed in infants born to Black women.
Conclusions:
- Racial disparities in CI exist, with Black women facing higher odds.
- CI may be a contributing factor to the elevated PTB rates observed in Black women.
- Further research into the CI-PTB association is crucial for understanding and addressing disparities.
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