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Delivery Room Resuscitation and Short-Term Outcomes in Moderately Preterm Infants.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Critical Care

Background:

  • Delivery room resuscitation is common in moderately preterm (MPT) infants (29-33 weeks gestational age).
  • Understanding the frequency and impact of resuscitation is crucial for optimizing care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and extent of delivery room resuscitation in MPT infants.
  • To evaluate the association between resuscitation intensity and neonatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Observational cohort study of 7014 MPT infants.
  • Infants categorized into 5 groups based on resuscitation level (routine care to cardiopulmonary resuscitation).
  • Analysis of antepartum/intrapartum factors and discharge outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 24% received routine care; 32.5% oxygen/CPAP; 26.1% bag-mask ventilation; 14.7% intubation; 2.7% CPR.
  • Higher gestational age and antenatal steroids decreased resuscitation likelihood; small for gestational age infants had increased risk.
  • Increased resuscitation intensity linked to prolonged respiratory/nutritional support, longer length of stay, and higher mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of MPT infants receive some form of delivery room resuscitation.
  • Higher intensity resuscitation is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes and increased mortality.