Preliminary Characterization of El Tor Vibriophage M4

The aim of the present study is the preliminary characterization of an El Tor vibriophage M4 (ATCC 51352-B4).

We studied the growth characteristics and sustainability of this phage under various stresses like temperature, pH, and UV. The phage morphology and phage genome were also examined using electron microscopy.

Sustainability studies showed that the phage is more stable in acidic conditions, which is very uncommon among vibriophages. Studies also showed that M4 is a thermostable phage and it is inactivated by temperatures above 60°C but, like other phages, UV has a high inactivating effect on it. Morphological and genomic studies by electron microscopy showed that this phage has a long contractile tail and a big head. The genome is linear and about 120 kb in length. The genome also has a high packaging density as the value of Vm (the volume occupied per Da of biological macromolecule) is low for this phage. The phage-bacterial interaction was studied by negative staining as well as ultrathin sectioning methods.

M4 belongs to the Myoviridae family and it is generally thermostable. It is prone to destruction by alkali and UV. It also has a large DNA which is densely packed inside of a big capsid.