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Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis

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Earlier alcohol use onset prospectively predicts changes in functional connectivity.

Tam T Nguyen-Louie¹, Alan N Simmons², Lindsay M Squeglia³

¹San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA.

Psychopharmacology

|January 8, 2018

Summary

Starting weekly alcohol use in early adolescence is linked to altered brain connectivity and attention deficits. Delaying alcohol initiation may protect adolescent brain development from harm.

Keywords:

Alcohol onset Alcohol use Anticorrelations Context-dependent functional connectivity

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Adolescent Development
Neuroimaging

Background:

Adolescence is a critical period for neurodevelopment, with significant changes in brain connectivity.
Early alcohol initiation, often starting between 12 and 17 years old, coincides with this sensitive developmental window.
Understanding the impact of drinking onset age on alcohol-related neurotoxicity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To prospectively examine how age of first alcohol drink influences frontoparietal context-dependent functional connectivity (cdFC).
To investigate the relationship between early alcohol use onset and cognitive performance in adolescents.
To identify potential neurodevelopmental risks associated with early weekly alcohol consumption patterns.

Main Methods:

Prospective longitudinal study with neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessments before and 6 years after drinking initiation.
Youth (average age 13.5 years) underwent assessments before and after initiating alcohol use.
Hierarchical linear regressions analyzed the association between age of weekly alcohol onset and cdFC, controlling for pre-drinking connectivity.

Main Results:

Earlier weekly alcohol onset was associated with increased cdFC between the posterior cingulate and attentional networks.
This heightened cdFC correlated with poorer performance on attention-based neuropsychological tasks.
No significant relationship was found between age of onset and cdFC between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex.

Conclusions:

Early initiation of weekly alcohol use may negatively impact neurodevelopment by disrupting the integration of attentional circuits.
Delaying the onset of regular alcohol use beyond early adolescence could mitigate risks to brain development.
Findings highlight the importance of delayed alcohol initiation for preserving cognitive function and brain health during adolescence.