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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Shuttle Box Assay as an Associative Learning Tool for Cognitive Assessment in Learning and Memory Studies using Adult Zebrafish
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Association Between Perceived Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults.

Paul D Loprinzi1, Emily Frith1

  • 1Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Physical Activity Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.

Psychological Reports
|January 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Perceived physical activity, not actual exercise, was linked to better cognitive function in older adults. This suggests self-reported activity levels may be a key factor in maintaining brain health.

Keywords:
Epidemiologycognitive impairmentexerciseolder adultsperceptionspsychology

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Physical activity is vital for health, including cognitive function.
  • Perceived physical activity, or how active individuals believe they are, may influence health outcomes independently of actual behavior.
  • Cognitive function is a critical indicator of health and mortality risk in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between perceived physical activity and cognitive function in older adults.
  • To determine if perceived physical activity is associated with cognitive function independently of actual physical activity levels.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N=2352, age 60+).
  • Actual physical activity assessed using a validated survey.
  • Perceived physical activity self-reported by participants relative to peers.
  • Cognitive function measured using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test.

Main Results:

  • Both actual and perceived physical activity were initially associated with better cognitive function.
  • When analyzed together, only perceived physical activity remained significantly associated with cognitive function.
  • Perceived physical activity demonstrated an independent association with cognitive function, irrespective of actual activity levels.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived physical activity is independently associated with cognitive function in older adults.
  • Self-perception of activity level may be a more significant factor than objective measures in maintaining cognitive health.
  • Future research should incorporate perceived physical activity when assessing the impact of exercise on cognitive function.