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Related Concept Videos

Anorexia Nervosa01:28

Anorexia Nervosa

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Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

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Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles01:16

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Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types

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Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
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Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

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Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
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Related Experiment Video

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Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa
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Is hypercortisolism in anorexia nervosa detectable using hair samples?

Franziska Ritschel1, Sabine Clas2, Daniel Geisler3

  • 1Eating Disorder Treatment and Research Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Division of Psychological & Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Journal of Psychiatric Research
|January 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Hair cortisol (HCC) did not show expected hypercortisolism in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients. Long-term hair cortisol levels did not decrease with weight gain, unlike 24-hour urine cortisol (UCC).

Keywords:
AdolescenceAnorexia nervosaCortisolHairLongitudinalWeight-restoration

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Psychiatry
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe mental disorder with significant metabolic and endocrine abnormalities.
  • Previous studies suggest hypercortisolism in AN using short-term measures.
  • The utility of long-term hair cortisol (HCC) for assessing hypercortisolism in AN remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if hair cortisol (HCC) reflects hypercortisolism in acutely underweight AN (acAN).
  • To compare HCC with 24-hour urine cortisol (UCC) longitudinally during weight restoration in acAN.
  • To examine cross-sectional HCC differences between acAN, recovered AN (recAN), and healthy controls (HC).

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional comparison of HCC between 40 acAN, 40 HC, 23 recAN, and 23 HC.
  • Longitudinal analysis of weekly UCC and time-corresponding HCC over 14 weeks of weight restoration in 16 acAN.
  • LC-MS/MS method for hair cortisol analysis; linear mixed models and bivariate correlations for longitudinal data.

Main Results:

  • No significant group differences in HCC were found in the cross-sectional analysis.
  • Longitudinal data showed a decrease in UCC but not HCC with weight gain.
  • A significant moderate correlation between UCC and HCC was observed only in the final four weeks of treatment; overall association was not consistent.

Conclusions:

  • Hair cortisol (HCC) did not confirm the expected hypercortisolism in acutely underweight anorexia nervosa (AN) patients.
  • HCC levels did not decrease during short-term weight restoration, suggesting potential issues with cortisol incorporation into hair or altered enzyme activity.
  • Long-term hair cortisol measurements may not reliably reflect acute endocrine changes in AN.