Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026
09:43
Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
Published on: January 3, 2025
3.5K
Editing Citrus Genome via SaCas9/sgRNA System
Hongge Jia1, Jin Xu1, Vladimir Orbović1,2
1Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United States.
Frontiers in Plant Science
|January 10, 2018
Summary
The smaller Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 (SaCas9) system effectively edits citrus plant genomes. This genome editing tool offers an alternative to Streptococcus pyogenes SpCas9 for crop improvement.
Area of Science:
- * Molecular Biology
- * Plant Science
- * Genetic Engineering
Background:
- * CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful genome editing technology.
- * Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) is widely used but has limitations.
- * Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 (SaCas9) is a smaller alternative with a different protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirement.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To evaluate the efficacy of SaCas9/sgRNA for genome editing in citrus plants.
- * To compare SaCas9/sgRNA with SpCas9/sgRNA in citrus editing applications.
Main Methods:
- * Transient expression of SaCas9/sgRNA in Duncan grapefruit using Xcc-facilitated agroinfiltration.
- * Development of a binary vector for stable transformation of Carrizo citrange.
- * Targeted next-generation sequencing to analyze mutation rates.
Main Results:
- * SaCas9/sgRNA successfully modified target genes (CsPDS, Cs2g12470) in Duncan grapefruit.
- * Stable transgenic Carrizo citrange lines (#Cz1 to #Cz12) were generated.
- * Mutation rates for two target sites in Cs7g03360 ranged from 15.55% to 79.67%.
Conclusions:
- * SaCas9/sgRNA is a viable and effective tool for citrus genome editing.
- * SaCas9/sgRNA provides a valuable alternative to SpCas9/sgRNA for genetic modification in citrus.
Related Concept Videos
01:28CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing
2.0K
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
2.0K
02:23RNA Editing
9.9K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.9K
02:02Genomics
40.9K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
40.9K
02:30Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
37.3K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
37.3K
03:21Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
9.2K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.2K
02:16Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
17.1K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
17.1K