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Setting Up Decision-Making Tools toward a Quality-Oriented Participatory Maize Breeding Program.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Breeding
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Limited characterization of Portuguese farmers' maize populations.
  • Previous studies lacked comprehensive quality traits and agronomic performance evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Detailed quality and agronomic characterization of Portuguese farmers' maize populations.
  • Estimate agronomic performance across diverse environments.
  • Integrate quality, agronomic, and molecular data for a quality-oriented participatory maize breeding program.

Main Methods:

  • Kernel composition, pasting behavior, and bioactive compounds analysis.
  • Agronomic performance evaluation (grain yield, ear weight) across nine locations.
  • Molecular characterization using microsatellites and AMMI model for stability analysis.

Main Results:

  • Farmers' maize populations clustered into a quality group with high protein/fiber and low carotenoids/tocopherols.
  • Low but stable grain yields observed across environments.
  • Farmers' populations showed genetic heterogeneity but were distinct from each other.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated data provide directions for future participatory maize breeding.
  • Informed choices can optimize resource use and enhance breeding efficiency.
  • Variability within quality groups allows for targeted trait improvement.