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The Aging Risk and Atherosclerosis: A Fresh Look at Arterial Homeostasis

Trajen Head1, Sylvia Daunert1, Pascal J Goldschmidt-Clermont2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.

Frontiers in Genetics
|January 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Aging significantly accelerates atherosclerosis, leading to cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications. This review explores how aging impacts arterial health, focusing on cellular senescence and immune cell roles in plaque development.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Aging Research
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Aging is the most significant risk factor for atherosclerotic lesion development.
  • Traditional CVD risk factors do not fully explain the impact of aging on atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathological and biochemical mechanisms of atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression.
  • To investigate the specific impact of aging on arterial homeostasis.
  • To highlight recent advances in understanding aging-driven atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathological and biochemical processes in atherosclerosis.
  • Focus on aging's influence on arterial homeostasis.
  • Examination of bone marrow-derived vascular progenitor cells, monocyte subpopulations, and cellular senescence.

Main Results:

  • Aging exacerbates atherosclerotic plaque formation beyond traditional risk factors.
  • Cellular senescence and specific immune cell dynamics are key contributors to aging-related atherosclerosis.
  • Recent research offers new insights into the mechanisms driving this disease.

Conclusions:

  • Aging profoundly influences atherosclerosis through mechanisms independent of traditional risk factors.
  • Understanding cellular senescence and immune cell roles is crucial for addressing aging-driven CVD.
  • Further research into these aging-specific pathways can lead to novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
agingarterial homeostasisatherosclerosisbone marrow-derived vascular progenitor cellscardiovascular diseaserisk factorsvascular repair

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