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Non-invasive Assessment of Microvascular and Endothelial Function
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Essential Hypertension and Functional Microvascular Ageing.

Rosa Maria Bruno1, Stefano Masi1, Marco Taddei2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56100, Pisa, Italy.

High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension
|January 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging and hypertension both impair vascular function by reducing nitric oxide (NO) availability. While aging primarily affects L-arginine, hypertension involves oxidative stress, leading to endothelial dysfunction.

Keywords:
AgeingEndothelial functionMicrocirculationNitric oxideOxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Vascular Biology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The endothelium maintains vascular homeostasis via nitric oxide (NO) production.
  • Aging is a significant cardiovascular risk factor linked to endothelial dysfunction.
  • Endothelial dysfunction contributes to vascular atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in aging and hypertension.
  • To compare the distinct pathways leading to impaired nitric oxide (NO) availability in aging versus hypertension.
  • To clarify the interplay between aging and hypertension in vascular alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nitric oxide (NO) substrate L-arginine alterations with age.
  • Assessment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in aging and hypertension.
  • Comparative study of microcirculation in physiological aging and hypertensive conditions.

Main Results:

  • Aging causes endothelial dysfunction primarily through L-arginine alteration, with ROS involvement in advanced age.
  • Hypertension leads to early NO reduction and oxidative stress, with progression rates similar to aging.
  • Distinct mechanisms underlie age-related and hypertension-related endothelial dysfunction, particularly in microcirculation.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired NO availability is a common endpoint for both aging and hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction.
  • Aging and hypertension may involve different molecular pathways contributing to vascular dysfunction.
  • Further research is needed to determine if vascular alterations are merely additive effects of these risk factors.