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Association between obstructive sleep apnea and atopic dermatitis in children: A nationwide, population-based cohort

Je-Ming Hu1,2,3, Chin-Sheng Lin4, Sy-Jou Chen3,5

  • 1Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|January 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) have a significantly higher risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This large-scale study highlights the need for proactive OSA screening in pediatric AD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is linked to systemic inflammation, potentially sharing pathogenesis with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • Existing research on the association between AD and OSA is limited, particularly in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between atopic dermatitis and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in children.
  • To evaluate the incidence and risk of OSA in a large cohort of pediatric patients with and without AD.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide, population-based cohort study utilizing Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database.
  • Inclusion of approximately 120,736 children with newly diagnosed AD and a matched cohort without AD (2000-2007).
  • Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression models were employed to assess OSA risk.

Main Results:

  • Children with AD demonstrated a significantly higher cumulative incidence of OSA compared to controls (log-rank test, P < .001).
  • Adjusted analyses revealed an 86% increased risk of OSA in children with AD (aHR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.43-2.42).
  • This elevated OSA risk in AD patients persisted regardless of comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • This study establishes a significant association between pediatric atopic dermatitis and an increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Findings suggest the need for comprehensive OSA evaluation and risk reduction strategies in children diagnosed with AD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Taiwan's national health insurance research databaseatopic dermatitisobstructive sleep apneapopulation-based cohort study

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