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EPITHELIAL WATER PERMEABILITY IN THE EURYHALINE MUSSEL GEUKENSIA DEMISSA: DECREASE IN RESPONSE TO HYPOOSMOTIC MEDIA

The Biological Bulletin

|January 10, 2018

Summary

Mussel mantle water permeability decreases in lower salinity, potentially regulated by neural factors. This adaptation in euryhaline bivalves is crucial for surviving environmental changes.

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Area of Science:

Physiology
Marine Biology
Environmental Science

Background:

Euryhaline bivalves, like the mussel Geukensia demissa, must regulate water balance across their tissues in response to environmental salinity fluctuations.
The diffusional water permeability of isolated mussel mantles is a key physiological parameter influencing osmotic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how changes in ambient salinity affect the water permeability of mussel mantle tissue.
To identify potential neural or hormonal factors that modulate these salinity-induced permeability changes.

Main Methods:

Isolated mantles from Geukensia demissa were incubated in hypoosmotic seawater (500 mOsm and 250 mOsm) to assess changes in diffusional water permeability.
Tissue permeability was measured in isosmotic seawater with and without extracts from mussel ganglia and mantle, as well as with specific hormones (prolactin, cortisol, vasopressin, FMRFamide).

Main Results:

Incubation in hypoosmotic media significantly reduced mantle water permeability, with a half-hour exposure being sufficient to induce this decrease.
Acetone extracts from ganglia and mantle tissue of mussels acclimated to lower salinity also reduced water permeability, suggesting neural modulation.
Ovine prolactin decreased water permeability, while cortisol, arginine vasopressin, and FMRFamide had no significant effect.

Conclusions:

The epithelial water permeability of euryhaline bivalves, specifically mussel mantles, dynamically adjusts to ambient salinity.
Neural factors likely play a significant role in modulating these permeability changes, aiding in osmotic adaptation.
These findings highlight the complex physiological mechanisms mussels employ to cope with varying salinities.