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Relapse Among Infants Hospitalized for Bronchiolitis in Finland

Laura Toivonen1, Kohei Hasegawa2, Janice A Espinola2

  • 1From the Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|January 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Bronchiolitis relapse occurred in 6% of hospitalized children, often in males. Prenatal and home smoke exposure were linked to relapse in this pediatric respiratory illness study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric respiratory medicine
  • Epidemiology of infectious diseases

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis is a common pediatric respiratory infection.
  • Understanding relapse is crucial for managing pediatric respiratory health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and characteristics of bronchiolitis relapse in hospitalized children.
  • To identify risk factors associated with bronchiolitis relapse.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study design.
  • Inclusion of 391 children hospitalized for bronchiolitis.
  • Documentation of relapse rates, time to relapse, and associated factors.

Main Results:

  • Bronchiolitis relapse occurred in 22 (6%) of children.
  • Median time to relapse was 2 days (IQR, 1-7 days).
  • Relapse was more frequent in males and associated with prenatal and home smoke exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchiolitis relapse is a notable event in a small percentage of hospitalized children.
  • Male sex and environmental smoke exposure are identified risk factors for relapse.
  • Further research into preventative strategies for bronchiolitis relapse is warranted.

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