Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026
Isolation of High-density Lipoproteins for Non-coding Small RNA Quantification
Published on: November 28, 2016
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein in inflammation-driven thrombosis
G Obermayer1,2, T Afonyushkin1,2, C J Binder1,2
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Insights
Oxidized lipoproteins trigger inflammation and cellular responses, critically modulating thrombosis, a key factor in cardiovascular mortality. Understanding these thromboinflammatory mechanisms is vital for preventing heart attack, stroke, and embolism.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Inflammation Research
- Thrombosis Biology
Background:
- Thrombosis is a primary cause of cardiovascular mortality, involving platelet and coagulation system activation.
- Inflammatory processes and cellular responses are increasingly recognized as critical modulators of thrombosis.
- Chronic inflammatory diseases often present with high thrombotic risk, frequently involving oxidized lipoproteins as triggers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of how oxidized lipoproteins influence thrombosis.
- To elucidate the cellular and molecular pathways linking oxidized lipoproteins to thromboinflammation.
- To highlight the role of oxidized lipids in both arterial and venous thrombosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on oxidized lipoproteins and thrombosis.
- Analysis of cellular responses to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and related components.
- Examination of pathways involved in atherosclerosis and venous thromboembolism.
Main Results:
- Oxidized lipoproteins are central to atherosclerotic plaque development and thrombotic events.
- Oxidized lipids on microvesicles and dying cells may mediate venous thromboinflammation.
- Oxidized lipoproteins activate key cells and pathways implicated in thrombus formation.
Conclusions:
- Oxidized lipoproteins are significant drivers of thromboinflammation across various thrombotic conditions.
- Targeting oxidized lipoprotein pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for thrombosis.
- Further research into oxidized lipid-mediated mechanisms is crucial for cardiovascular and venous thrombosis prevention.
Abstract:
Thrombosis is the defining feature of the most prevalent causes of cardiovascular mortality, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary artery embolism. Although platelet activation and activation of the plasmatic coagulation system are the hallmarks of thrombus formation, inflammatory processes and the cellular responses involved are increasingly being recognized as critical modulators of thrombosis. In the context of many chronic inflammatory diseases that are associated with a high thrombotic risk, oxidized lipoproteins represent a prominent sterile trigger of inflammation. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein and its components play a central role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques, but also in other processes that lead to thrombotic events. Moreover, dying cells and microvesicles can be decorated with some of the same oxidized lipid components that are found on oxidized lipoproteins, and thereby similar mechanisms of thromboinflammation may also be active in venous thrombosis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how oxidized lipoproteins and components thereof affect the cells and pathways involved in thrombosis.
Related Concept Videos
01:38Inflammation
03:14Oxidation Numbers
01:30Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction
01:15Pyruvate Oxidation
First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
03:11Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
00:56Density