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Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors for Lead Exposure in a Pediatric Population in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Deborah Havens1,2, Minh Hong Pham3, Catherine J Karr4

  • 1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. havensde@uw.edu.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|January 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Elevated blood lead levels (BLL) affect 7% of children in Vietnam, with higher risks for those over 12 months and living in specific provinces. This highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce lead exposure risks.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Lead recycling is a known risk factor for elevated blood lead levels (BLL) in Southeast Asia.
  • Limited data exists on BLL prevalence and risk factors in Vietnam's general pediatric population.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of elevated BLLs in children in Vietnam.
  • To identify risk factors associated with higher BLLs in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 311 children from Children's Hospital #2 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
  • Capillary blood lead testing was conducted using the LeadCare II system.
  • Statistical analysis identified associations between demographic and geographic factors and BLLs.

Main Results:

  • The mean BLL was 4.97 μg/dL (SD 5.50).
  • 7% of participants exhibited BLLs greater than 10 μg/dL.
  • Living in Bing Duong or Dong Nai provinces and being older than 12 months were significantly associated with higher BLLs.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of elevated BLLs in Vietnam is comparable to other Southeast Asian countries.
  • Mean BLLs in Ho Chi Minh City were lower than in areas with lead recycling activities.
  • Further research is needed to refine risk factor identification for effective screening programs in Vietnam.

Keywords:
Vietnamchildenvironmental exposurelead

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