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Mitochondrial network responses in oxidative physiology and disease
Young-Mi Go1, Jolyn Fernandes1, Xin Hu1
1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|January 11, 2018
Summary
Mitochondria form a "mitochondriome" that organizes organismal bioenergetics. Integrated omics methods reveal distinct physiologic and toxicologic networks, offering new insights into mitochondrial systems biology.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Systems Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Mitochondria are central to cellular functions in aerobic eukaryotes.
- Understanding mitochondrial network responses is crucial for various physiological and pathological states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the functional organization of mitochondria within a multicellular organism, termed the
- mitochondriome
- To explore data-driven network mapping using omics methods for studying mitochondrial systems.
Main Methods:
- Transcriptome-metabolome-wide association study (TMWAS) to map nuclear transcription and mitochondrial transport.
- Integration of redox and respiratory measures with TMWAS.
- Combined redox proteomics, metabolomics, and transcriptomics.
Main Results:
- TMWAS demonstrates connectivity between nuclear transcription and mitochondrial transport in response to toxicity.
- Redox hubs identified, separating oxygen consumption and H2O2 production systems.
- Physiologic and toxicologic mitochondrial networks can be visualized distinctly.
Conclusions:
- Integrated omics approaches provide powerful tools for dissecting mitochondrial network structures.
- These methods open new avenues for mitochondrial systems biology research.
- Understanding the "
- mitochondriome
- is key to comprehending organismal adaptation and disease.
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