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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
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Drug distribution in the human body is a complex process influenced by various individual factors, including age, pregnancy, obesity, diet, body water composition, pH levels, and specific disease conditions.
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[Autoimmune factors and epilepsy].

Yating Wu1, Aihua Liu1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences
|January 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune factors are increasingly recognized as a cause of epilepsy, particularly drug-resistant seizures. Early immunotherapy is vital for improving outcomes in autoimmune epilepsy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder with diverse etiologies.
  • Autoimmune factors are emerging as a significant independent cause of epilepsy.
  • Autoimmune epilepsy is frequently associated with drug-resistant seizures and systemic autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of autoimmune factors in epilepsy.
  • To discuss the diagnostic criteria for autoimmune epilepsy.
  • To emphasize the importance of immunotherapy in managing autoimmune epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on autoimmune epilepsy.
  • Analysis of diagnostic markers including autoantibodies and inflammatory changes.
  • Correlation of clinical presentation with diagnostic findings.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports autoimmune mechanisms in a subset of epilepsy patients, especially those with refractory seizures.
  • Neural-specific autoantibodies play a role in seizure pathogenesis.
  • Diagnosis involves a combination of clinical history, seizure characteristics, autoantibody presence, and inflammatory markers.

Conclusions:

  • Autoimmune epilepsy is a distinct clinical entity requiring specific diagnostic approaches.
  • Immunotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment for autoimmune epilepsy.
  • Timely initiation of immunotherapy significantly improves patient prognosis.