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Isolation of Lung Retinoid-Containing Cells by Cell Sorting
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Retinoid Expression in Onchocercal Skin Disease: Pilot Study.

Anthony R Mawson1, Williams H Makunde2, Alan D Penman3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA.

Infectious Diseases
|January 11, 2018
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Summary

This study explored if dying parasites release toxic vitamin A (retinoids) causing onchocerciasis symptoms. The pilot study found insufficient data to confirm a link between parasite load and retinoic acid receptor expression in infected skin.

Keywords:
Onchocerciasiseyehypervitaminosis Apathophysiologyretinoidsskin

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Biochemistry
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Onchocerciasis is a parasitic disease.
  • Parasites absorb vitamin A from hosts.
  • High vitamin A concentrations are toxic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that dying microfilariae release toxic vitamin A (retinoids).
  • To evaluate the correlation between onchocerciasis diagnosis and retinoic acid levels at infection sites.

Main Methods:

  • Pilot study in Southern Tanzania.
  • Quantified parasite DNA and retinoic acid receptor-α (RAR-α) RNA in skin snips using qPCR.
  • Compared 25 infected and 25 uninfected samples.

Main Results:

  • Most samples showed detectable RAR-α transcripts.
  • Sample size and quality were insufficient for statistical significance.
  • A possible trend suggested higher RAR-α expression with higher parasite DNA levels.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence linking vitamin A to onchocerciasis pathology remains elusive.
  • Larger participant groups and improved sample handling are needed for future studies.