Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Implementing the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Concept in Rehabilitation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Published on: March 1, 2024
Arteriovenous Fistula after Anatomic All-Inside Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Mathijs C H W Fuchs1, Martijn Dietvorst1, Roel Vaes2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Maxima Medisch Centrum, Postbus 7777, 5500 MB Veldhoven, Netherlands.
Abstract:
We present the first case of an arteriovenous fistula after an all-inside anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. A seventeen-year-old boy had an uneventful ACL reconstruction. Four weeks after surgery, the patient was seen with a pulsating swelling at the lateral distal upper leg. Vascular consultation led to the diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula of the lateral superior genicular artery. Most likely, fistula is caused by the stab incision for preparation of the femoral tunnel, and no anatomical cause was found. The clinical presentation, previous cases of arteriovenous fistula after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction, possible causes, and management are discussed.
Related Concept Videos
Anatomical Positions
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
Anatomical Terminology
Anatomical Movements
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist,...
Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II
Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions
Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...

