Spectrum of Coronary Artery Aneurysms: From the Radiologic Pathology Archives

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Vascular Medicine
• Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

• Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are increasingly recognized, with diverse etiologies and clinical presentations.
• Pathological classification includes atherosclerotic, inflammatory, and noninflammatory groups, often with overlapping features.
• Atherosclerosis is a primary cause in adults, while Kawasaki disease is predominant in children, frequently leading to multiple CAAs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of coronary artery aneurysms.
• To discuss the classification, causes, and clinical manifestations of CAAs.
• To outline diagnostic imaging modalities and management strategies for CAAs.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing medical literature on coronary artery aneurysms.
• Analysis of pathological classifications and etiological factors.
• Summary of current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

• CAAs can arise from various clinical scenarios, exhibiting variable symptoms and imaging findings.
• Common causes include atherosclerosis (adults) and Kawasaki disease (children), often resulting in multiple aneurysms.
• Potential complications encompass thrombosis, rupture, myocardial infarction, and cardiac tamponade.

Conclusions:

• Coronary artery aneurysms require a multi-faceted diagnostic approach utilizing various imaging modalities.
• Management strategies are individualized, ranging from surveillance to interventional procedures and surgery.
• Understanding the diverse causes and potential complications is crucial for effective patient care.