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Association between Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Enterovirus-Infected Type 1 Diabetic Children

Adel Abdel-Moneim1, Waled M El-Senousy2, Mahmoud Abdel-Latif3

  • 1Molecular Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.

Medical Principles and Practice : International Journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
|January 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Enterovirus (EV) infection in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) significantly reduces antioxidant enzyme activity. This decrease in enzymes like GPx, SOD, and CAT may worsen beta cell damage and inflammation in T1D patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease affecting beta cells.
  • Enterovirus (EV) infections are common in children and have been implicated in T1D pathogenesis.
  • Antioxidant enzymes play a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Enterovirus (EV) infection on serum antioxidant enzyme activities in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
  • To compare enzyme activities between diabetic children with and without EV infection, and with healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR was used to detect EV RNA in 382 diabetic and 100 nondiabetic children.
  • Serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were measured.
  • Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were assessed.

Main Results:

  • EV was detected in 26.2% of diabetic children versus 0% of controls.
  • Diabetic children had higher FBG, HbA1c, and CRP, and lower C-peptide than controls.
  • Antioxidant enzyme activities (GPx, SOD, CAT) were significantly lower in diabetic children compared to controls.
  • EV-infected diabetic children (T1D-EV+) showed further significant reductions in antioxidant enzyme activities compared to non-infected diabetic children (T1D-EV-).

Conclusions:

  • Enterovirus infection is associated with decreased serum antioxidant enzyme activity in children with type 1 diabetes.
  • Reduced antioxidant capacity in T1D-EV+ children may contribute to beta cell damage and increased inflammation.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic potential of antioxidants in T1D management.
Abstract

Keywords:
Antioxidant enzymesDiabetic childrenEnterovirusType 1 diabetes

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