[Paraneoplasms of the skin]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Dermatology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Cutaneous manifestations of malignancies encompass both nonmalignant (facultative) and always-associated (obligate) paraneoplastic dermatoses.
• These skin conditions arise from paraneoplastic increases in growth factors or immunological reactions, causing diverse inflammatory, hyperkeratotic, or proliferative changes.
• Recognition of paraneoplastic dermatoses preceding cancer diagnosis can significantly expedite cancer detection and therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the spectrum of cutaneous manifestations associated with hematologic disorders and solid tumors.
• To detail the localization and treatment strategies for these paraneoplastic dermatoses.
• To emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary evaluation for unexplained cutaneous findings.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing research on paraneoplastic dermatoses.
• Categorization of skin manifestations based on association with hematologic diseases or solid tumors.
• Compilation of information on clinical presentation, localization, and therapeutic options.

Main Results:

• Paraneoplastic dermatoses present as a variety of inflammatory, hyperkeratotic, or proliferative skin reactions.
• These skin findings can serve as early indicators of underlying malignancies, including hematologic disorders and solid tumors.
• Timely identification and multidisciplinary assessment are crucial for effective management.

Conclusions:

• Cutaneous manifestations are integral to the understanding and diagnosis of malignancies.
• Paraneoplastic dermatoses, when recognized early, facilitate accelerated cancer diagnosis and treatment.
• A multidisciplinary approach is essential for evaluating and managing patients with unexplained skin findings suggestive of malignancy.