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Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia
Reza Taherkhani1, Fatemeh Farshadpour2, Mohammad Reza Ravanbod3
1Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Moallem Street, Bushehr, Iran.
Abstract:
We report a case of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) in an immunocompromised patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia who was initially diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. Isolation of Sabin-like type 1 poliovirus from the patient's cerebrospinal fluid made this a case of vaccine-related poliovirus (VRPV) infection. The patient developed paralysis and respiratory distress and deceased a few months after onset of paralysis with respiratory failure. This tragic case report highlights the emergence of VAPP and indicates the importance of timely diagnosis of VRPV infections to improve clinical management of VRPV-infected patients and to prevent the devastating consequences of silent introduction of VRPVs in treatment wards and eventually in the society.
Insights
A case of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) occurred in an immunocompromised patient. Early diagnosis of vaccine-related poliovirus (VRPV) infection is crucial for patient management and preventing wider spread.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is a rare but serious complication of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV).
- Immunocompromised individuals are at increased risk for VAPP.
- The emergence of vaccine-related poliovirus (VRPV) infections poses a public health concern.
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