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Related Concept Videos

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Isolation, Identification, and Purification of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells
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WT1 peptide-based immunotherapy for advanced thymic epithelial malignancies.

Yusuke Oji1, Masayoshi Inoue2, Yoshito Takeda3

  • 1Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Prefecture, Japan.

International Journal of Cancer
|January 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated a WT1 peptide vaccine for advanced thymic epithelial tumors. While no complete responses were seen, the vaccine showed potential for stable disease and induced immune responses in patients with thymic carcinoma and invasive thymoma.

Keywords:
WT1WT1 peptide vaccinethymic carcinomathymoma

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare with limited treatment options for advanced stages.
  • Patients with advanced TETs often exhibit resistance or intolerance to existing therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 9-mer-WT1-derived peptide vaccine as monotherapy for advanced thymic epithelial tumors.
  • To assess the induction of WT1-specific immune responses in patients receiving the vaccine.

Main Methods:

  • 15 patients with advanced thymic epithelial tumors (11 thymic carcinoma, 4 invasive thymoma) received weekly intradermal injections of a WT1 peptide vaccine with Montanide ISA51.
  • Treatment continued until disease progression or adverse events, with extended treatment at 2-4 week intervals for responders.

Main Results:

  • No complete or partial responses were observed.
  • 75% of evaluable thymic carcinoma patients (6/8) achieved stable disease (SD).
  • 75% of evaluable invasive thymoma patients (3/4) achieved stable disease (SD).
  • WT1-specific immune responses were induced in most patients.
  • Adverse events were generally mild, though autoimmune complications and hemorrhage occurred in some long-term responders.

Conclusions:

  • WT1 peptide vaccine immunotherapy demonstrates potential antitumor activity in thymic malignancies.
  • The vaccine is a potential therapeutic option for advanced thymic epithelial tumors, warranting further investigation.