Neurology of renal disorders

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Neurology
• Vascular Biology

Background:

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health issue.
• Neurological complications are prevalent in severe CKD, affecting both central and peripheral nervous systems.
• CKD patients present with high risks for cerebrovascular diseases due to inflammation, homocysteine, anemia, hypertension, and diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the neurological complications associated with chronic kidney disease.
• To explore both disease-related and treatment-related neurological effects in CKD patients.
• To highlight CKD as a model for accelerated vascular cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of disease-related neurological complications in CKD.
• Analysis of treatment-related neurological complications in CKD.
• Synthesis of current understanding of neurological manifestations in renal disorders.

Main Results:

• Neurological complications are nearly universal in advanced CKD.
• CKD patients exhibit a high burden of cerebrovascular disease and associated risk factors.
• CKD serves as a model for understanding accelerated vascular cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

• CKD profoundly affects nervous system function.
• Understanding these complications is crucial for patient management.
• Further research is needed to mitigate neurological sequelae in CKD.