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Evaluating Mid-Upper Arm Circumference Z-Score as a Determinant of Nutrition Status
Karen Stephens1, April Escobar1, Erika Nicole Jennison1
1Department of Nutrition Services, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Summary
Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) z-scores correlate with traditional malnutrition indicators. However, MUAC z-score ranges differ, suggesting distinct malnutrition classification thresholds may be needed for this indicator.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Anthropometry
- Public Health
Background:
- Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) z-score is a new independent indicator for pediatric malnutrition.
- Evidence is needed to establish nutrition classification z-score thresholds for MUAC in U.S. practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between MUAC z-score and conventional indicators (weight-for-length, BMI) z-scores.
- To expand evidence for nutrition classification z-score threshold ranges in U.S. settings.
Main Methods:
- Single-center study of 5,004 children (0-18 years).
- MUAC, height, and weight measured; z-scores calculated using CDC reference data.
- Nutrition status determined by biochemical data, history, anthropometrics, and nutrient intake.
Main Results:
- MUAC z-scores significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.789) and weight-for-length (r=0.638) z-scores.
- MUAC z-scores showed a narrower range compared to BMI and weight-for-length.
- Mean MUAC z-scores were lower in overweight/obese children and higher in severely malnourished children.
Conclusions:
- Data suggest that z-score ranges for malnutrition stages may differ across indicators.
- This highlights the need for indicator-specific thresholds in pediatric nutrition assessment.
Keywords:
anthropometrybody compositionmalnutritionmid-upper arm circumferencenutrition assessmentpediatricsz-scoreMore Related Videos
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