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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE in C57BL/6 Mice
Published on: November 1, 2015
Microvascular involvement in systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Didem Saygin1, Kristin B Highland2, Adriano R Tonelli2
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Abstract:
Microvascular changes play central roles in the pathophysiology of SSc and SLE, and represent major causes of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, clinical tools that can assess the microvasculature are of great importance both at the time of diagnosis and follow-up of these cases. These tools include capillaroscopy, laser imaging techniques, infrared thermography, and iontophoresis. In this review, we examined the clinical manifestations and pathobiology of microvascular involvement in SSc and SLE as well as the methodologies used to evaluate the microvasculature.
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