Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

16.9K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.9K
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

3.0K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
3.0K
Complex Numbers01:29

Complex Numbers

344
The real number system cannot represent the square root of a negative number, which restricts solutions for certain equations, such as quadratics with negative discriminants. To address this, the complex number system was developed, introducing the imaginary unit i, where i = √(-1). This extension allows for the representation of all roots, including those involving negative radicands.A complex number is written in the form x + yi, where x and y are real numbers. Here, x represents the...
344
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

26.3K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
26.3K
Complex Power01:14

Complex Power

938
Power engineers have introduced the concept of complex power to determine the cumulative effect of parallel loads. This idea plays a crucial role in power analysis because it encompasses all the details related to the power consumed by a specific load.
Complex power is defined as the multiplication of the voltage and the complex conjugate of the current. The magnitude of this power, known as apparent power, is measured in volt-amperes (VA). Notably, the angle of the complex power equates to the...
938
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

871
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
871

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Understanding the substrate recognition and catalytic mechanism of 2-O-methyl fucosidases from glycoside hydrolase family 139.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same author

Metabolism of hemicelluloses by root-associated Bacteroidota species.

The ISME journal·2025
Same author

Recombinant production platform for Group A Streptococcus glycoconjugate vaccines.

NPJ vaccines·2025
Same author

Exploring the sequence-function space of microbial fucosidases.

Communications chemistry·2024
Same author

Discovery, structural characterization, and functional insights into a novel apiosidase from the GH140 family, isolated from a lignocellulolytic-enriched mangrove microbial community.

Biotechnology letters·2024
Same author

The human gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus shows specificity to blood group A antigen during mucin glycan foraging: Implication for niche colonisation in the gastrointestinal tract.

PLoS biology·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota
06:23

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: February 15, 2019

14.9K

Biochemistry of complex glycan depolymerisation by the human gut microbiota.

Didier Ndeh1, Harry J Gilbert1

  • 1Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.

FEMS Microbiology Reviews
|January 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The human gut microbiota (HGM) utilizes complex carbohydrates through sophisticated mechanisms. Understanding glycan utilization by the HGM offers insights into its ecosystem dynamics and impact on human health.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

7.6K
A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice
07:54

A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice

Published on: July 25, 2017

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota
06:23

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: February 15, 2019

14.9K
Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

7.6K
A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice
07:54

A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice

Published on: July 25, 2017

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The human gut microbiota (HGM) is a complex microbial community crucial for health and disease.
  • Composed primarily of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, it performs vital functions analogous to host tissues.
  • The HGM relies on host and dietary complex carbohydrates as its primary nutrient sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review adaptive mechanisms of HGM members for glycan utilization.
  • To provide mechanistic insights into HGM ecosystem dynamics.
  • To understand the impact of glycan utilization on human health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HGM glycan utilization.
  • Focus on adaptive mechanisms across major bacterial phyla.
  • Analysis of nutrient acquisition strategies for complex carbohydrates.

Main Results:

  • The HGM possesses elaborate systems for sensing, capturing, and utilizing diverse glycans.
  • Adaptive mechanisms vary across major HGM phyla, enabling complex carbohydrate breakdown.
  • Understanding these processes is key to deciphering HGM-host interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Glycan utilization is a fundamental process shaping the HGM ecosystem.
  • Mechanisms of nutrient acquisition provide insights into HGM's role in health and disease.
  • Further research into HGM-glycan interactions can inform therapeutic strategies.