Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Associated with Chikungunya Fever in an Adolescent

Area of Science:

• Arbovirology
• Pediatric Infectious Diseases
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is typically characterized by self-limiting symptoms.
• Severe clinical manifestations and complications of chikungunya are infrequently reported.
• Limited data exists regarding the spectrum of severe illness associated with chikungunya fever.

Observation:

• A 12-year-old male presented with a rapid onset of severe clinical illness.
• The patient developed septic shock and multi-organ failure.
• The clinical presentation was associated with chikungunya fever.

Findings:

• Chikungunya fever can precipitate severe sepsis and septic shock.
• Multi-organ failure is a potential severe complication of chikungunya infection.
• This case underscores the need for vigilance in recognizing severe chikungunya presentations.

Implications:

• Clinicians should consider chikungunya as a potential cause of severe sepsis and septic shock, particularly in endemic areas.
• Early recognition and management of severe chikungunya complications are crucial for patient outcomes.
• Further research is warranted to understand the pathophysiology and risk factors for severe chikungunya disease.