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A multicomponent exercise program improves physical function in long-term nursing home residents: A randomized

Haritz Arrieta1, Chloe Rezola-Pardo1, Idoia Zarrazquin2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.

Experimental Gerontology
|January 13, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A 3-month multicomponent exercise program significantly improved physical function and anthropometry in nursing home residents. The benefits were most pronounced in individuals with lower baseline physical function, highlighting exercise

Keywords:
Multicomponent exercise programNursing homePhysical activity levelPhysical functionRandomized controlled trial

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Older adults in long-term nursing homes (LTNH) often experience functional decline.
  • Multicomponent exercise programs show promise for improving health outcomes in geriatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a 3-month multicomponent exercise program on anthropometry, physical function, and physical activity in LTNH residents.
  • To compare the program's effectiveness across subgroups based on initial physical function levels.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 112 older adults (mean age 84.9 years).
  • Participants were assigned to an intervention group (multicomponent exercise) or a control group (routine activities).
  • Outcome measures included anthropometry, chair-stand tests, arm-curl, timed up-and-go, SPPB, gait speed, and Berg balance scale.

Main Results:

  • The intervention group showed significant improvements in waist circumference, 30-s chair-stand, arm-curl, timed up-and-go, SPPB, gait speed, and Berg scale compared to the control group.
  • These benefits were particularly significant for participants with lower baseline physical function.
  • Participants in the intervention group maintained or improved all assessed parameters, while the control group declined.

Conclusions:

  • A multicomponent exercise program is effective in improving physical function and anthropometric measures for older adults residing in LTNH.
  • The program demonstrates particular relevance and efficacy for individuals with lower physical function.
  • Future research should explore higher-intensity programs for fitter LTNH residents to optimize benefits.