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Investigating Gender Differences under Time Pressure in Financial Risk Taking.

Zhixin Xie1, Lionel Page1, Ben Hardy2

  • 1Queensland Behavioral Economics Group, School of Economics and Finance, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|January 13, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Men are less risk-averse than women, especially under time pressure. Prenatal testosterone exposure, indicated by digit and facial ratios, influences financial risk-taking behavior in both genders.

Keywords:
2D:4DfWHRrisk takingtestosteronetime pressure

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Neuroeconomics
  • Financial Markets

Background:

  • Significant gender imbalance exists in financial trading roles.
  • Understanding gender differences in financial risk-taking is crucial for market dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate gender disparities in financial risk-taking behavior.
  • Examine the impact of time pressure on these differences.
  • Explore the role of prenatal testosterone exposure (2D:4D and fWHR) in risk attitudes.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral economics experiments analyzing risky monetary choices.
  • Structural modeling with maximum likelihood estimation.
  • Analysis under Expected Utility (EU) and Rank-Dependent Utility (RDU) models.
  • Measurement of second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and face width-to-height ratio (fWHR).

Main Results:

  • Men are generally less risk-averse than women.
  • The gender gap in risk aversion widens under moderate time pressure.
  • Lower 2D:4D ratios and higher fWHR correlate with reduced risk aversion in women (RDU).
  • Males with lower 2D:4D ratios show varied risk aversion depending on the model (EU vs. RDU).
  • Higher prenatal testosterone indicators in men correlate with increased optimism and overestimation of success probabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Gender differences in financial risk-taking are influenced by time pressure and potentially by prenatal testosterone exposure.
  • Digit and facial ratios offer insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of financial decision-making.
  • Findings contribute to understanding market behavior and gender representation in finance.