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Asthma and Obesity in Children Are Independently Associated with Airway Dysanapsis

Marcus H Jones1, Cristian Roncada1, Morgana Thais Carollo Fernandes1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Infant Center, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|January 13, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Overweight and asthma independently impact children's lung development, with overweight significantly reducing the FEV1/FVC ratio without increasing airway resistance. Impulse oscillometry enhances understanding of these ventilatory abnormalities.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Health
  • Obesity and Asthma Research

Background:

  • Rising prevalence of overweight and asthma in children.
  • Both conditions negatively impact lung function.
  • Need to understand combined effects on pediatric lung function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the effect of overweight and asthma on lung function in children.
  • Investigate independent and combined impacts.
  • Assess lung function using spirometry and impulse oscillometry.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study within an epidemiological asthma prevalence study.
  • Inclusion of children aged 8-16 years.
  • Lung function assessment via impulse oscillometry and spirometry, pre- and post-bronchodilator.

Main Results:

  • Overweight children, with or without asthma, showed altered lung function (e.g., higher FVC, lower FEV1/FVC).
  • Overweight independently associated with increased FVC and FEV1, and reduced FEV1/FVC.
  • Asthma also affected lung function, but overweight had a greater impact on FEV1/FVC without increasing airway resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Asthma and overweight are independently linked to dysanaptic airway growth in children.
  • Overweight significantly impacts FEV1/FVC ratio more than asthma.
  • Impulse oscillometry combined with spirometry improves understanding of ventilatory abnormalities in overweight children.
  • Potential reduction in spirometry specificity for obstructive diseases in overweight populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
asthmachildrenlung functionobesityoverweight

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